Some gave support to the opposition, some to the regime. The spark in the country has been turned into fire. Hundreds of thousands of innocent civilians lost their lives due to the conflict, millions of people became refugees. The country also collapsed economically.
As the civil war in Syria entered its 11th year, approximately 300 thousand of the civilians displaced in Idlib due to the attacks of the Bashar al-Assad regime and its supporters returned to their homes in a year that passed after the agreement reached by Turkey and Russia. The popular uprising that started on March 15, 2011 in Deraa province in the south of the country, with a group of students writing on the school wall, "O doctor (Bashar Assad), now it is your turn", left its place to constant blood and tears. While the number of thousands of people who took to the streets demanding reform increased, the demonstrations spread to other provinces of the country in a short time. The Assad regime, which declared the people, who demanded a change in power, to be "terrorists", mobilized its soldiers and security forces to protect its existence.
With the regime's use of force, it caused the demonstrations provoked by the West to turn into a civil war. As a matter of fact, armed conflicts between the forces of the Assad regime and the military opposition groups gathered under the name of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) started in 2012. Iran and Lebanese Hezbollah came to the aid of Assad, whose fall from power was seen as imminent at the end of 2012. The regime began to balance the opposition since the spring of 2013. With Russia joining the war at the end of September 2015, the course of the civil war turned in favor of the regime. Iran-backed terrorist groups and the regime forces backed by Russia have regained a large part of their lost territories through intense attacks and blockades.
MILLIONS OF PEOPLE DISPLACED
Hundreds of thousands of civilians lost their lives in the civil war, in which United Nations (UN) officials pointed out that war crimes such as the use of chemical weapons, starvation, deportation, blockade, arbitrary arrest and torture were committed. Before 2011, in a country with a population of around 22-23 million, 6.6 million Syrians had to leave their country. Turkey alone hosts approximately 3.6 million of these people. At least 13 million civilians in Syria have become in need of humanitarian aid.
After the agreement reached by Russia and Turkey on March 5, 2020, the dominance of the conflicting parties over the territory of the country has not changed. The regime and its supporters fully control the southern provinces of Dera, Quneitra, the capital Damascus, Latakia and Tartus on the eastern Mediterranean coast, and Homs in the central part of the country. The regime forces also dominate the center of the provinces of Hama in the middle of the country, Aleppo in the north and Deir ez-Zor in the east. These regions account for more than 60 percent of the country. Opponents are present in the Idlib Strain Relief Zone, Operation Euphrates Shield, Afrin district cleansed from terrorism by Operation Olive Branch, Tel Abyad and Rasulayn districts liberated by Operation Peace Spring in the east of the Euphrates River.
THE USA GIVES TERRORISTS LAND!
The terrorist organization YPG/PKK, which has the support of the USA, occupies the districts of Manbij and Tel Rıfat in the north of the country and the regions in the east of the Euphrates. The American terrorist organization DAESH continues its presence in the small region known as the Homs desert and under the siege of the Assad regime.
THE BALANCE OF CIVIL WAR
According to the report shared by the Syrian Human Rights Network (SNHR), the Assad regime tortured and killed 14,315 of the people they arbitrarily detained. According to opposition sources, Assad regime forces are still detaining nearly 400,000 people since the start of the civil war. In the report, which stated that health facilities were targeted by parties at least 863 times during the civil war, at least 859 healthcare workers were killed. According to the report, at least 1,584 schools were attacked in the civil war, 1,411 of which were by the Assad regime and Russia.
THOUSANDS OF CIVILS LOST THEIR LIVES
Hundreds of thousands of civilians lost their lives in the civil war. Before 2011, in a country with a population of around 22-23 million, 6.6 million Syrians had to leave their country. About 3.6 million of these people are hosted by Turkey alone.